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Business English Exercises
 

System Development Life Cycle

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Home > Teaching Business English > Business English Lessons, Advanced Level # 315
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As Russel Kay tells it, once upon a time, software development consisted of a programmer writing code to solve a problem or automate a procedure.

Correct answer: (d) upon

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Nowadays, systems are so big and complex that teams of architects, analysts, programmers, testers and users must work together to create the millions of lines of custom-written code that drive our enterprises.

Correct answer: (a) custom

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The system development life cycle models work well when automating the activities of clerks and accountants, but they don't work nearly as well when building systems for knowledge workers — people at help desks, experts trying to solve problems, or executives trying to lead their company into the Fortune 100.

Correct answer: (a) knowledge

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The waterfall model assumes that the only role for users is in specifying requirements, and that all requirements can be specified in advance; unfortunately, requirements grow and change throughout the process and beyond, calling for considerable feedback and iterative consultation.

Correct answer: (c) iterative

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The fountain model recognizes that although some activities can't start before others — such as you need a design before you can start coding — there's a considerable overlap of activities throughout the development cycle.

Correct answer: (b) overlap

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The spiral model emphasizes the need to go back and reiterate earlier stages a number of times as the project progresses; it's actually a series of short waterfall cycles, each producing an early prototype representing a part of the entire project.

Correct answer: (d) reiterate

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In the rapid application development model, initial emphasis is on creating a prototype that looks and acts like the desired product in order to test its usefulness.

Correct answer: (d) prototype

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The incremental model divides the product into builds, where sections of the project are created and tested separately.

Correct answer: (d) incremental

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This approach will likely find errors in user requirements quickly, since user feedback is solicited for each stage and because code is tested sooner after it's written.

Correct answer: (d) solicited

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The synchronize and stabilize method combines the advantages of the spiral model with technology for overseeing and managing source code; this method allows many teams to work efficiently in parallel; this approach was defined by David Yoffie of Harvard University and Michael Cusumano of MIT.

Correct answer: (c) parallel

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