What does "likewise" mean?

[Ingolf]

English Grammar Tests, Elementary Level

ESL/EFL Test #87 "Common English Errors (3)", question 10

The world needs to depend on other energy sources, ......... oil and other natural resources.

(a) beside
(b) likewise
(c) besides
(d) also beside

English Grammar Tests, Elementary Level

ESL/EFL Test #87 "Common English Errors (3)", answer 10

The world needs to depend on other energy sources, besides oil and other natural resources.

Correct answer: (c) besides

Your answer was: incorrect
The world needs to depend on other energy sources, likewise oil and other natural resources.
_________________________

why not likewise?

thanks
Ingolf

[Mister Micawber]

.
'Likewise' is an adverb, and therefore either modifies a verb (here, 'needs to depend')-- which it does not do here-- or begins a clause, which it also does not do here.
.
_________________
Canadian-American native speaker
who teaches English for a living at Mister Micawber's
ESL cafe: Interview with Mister Micawber

[Marko]

What's the difference between beside and besides? When do we one or another?

[Mister Micawber]

.
Beside is a preposition meaning 'next to': I'm sitting beside the fire.
Besides is an adverb meaning also': I don't want to watch this movie, and besides I'm tired.
.
_________________
Canadian-American native speaker
who teaches English for a living at Mister Micawber's
ESL cafe: Interview with Mister Micawber