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 #2 (permalink) Thu Feb 05, 2004 16:16 pm Once again |
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Once again the company has had to make a reduction in the number of office staff to try and recoup their losses.
This means the company had experienced such a situation before.
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Torsten
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| #3 (permalink) Thu Feb 05, 2004 17:00 pm Once again |
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Hi.Torsten, thank you.
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Logician
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| #4 (permalink) Fri Feb 19, 2010 13:56 pm Meaning of "once again" |
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has had to make...? What does it mean?
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 Vietanhpham_Winter
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| #5 (permalink) Fri Feb 19, 2010 13:57 pm Meaning of "once again" |
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if so, it must then be the company has experienced...not had experienced.
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Vietanhpham_Winter
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| #6 (permalink) Fri Feb 19, 2010 14:59 pm Meaning of "once again" |
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| Vietanhpham_Winter wrote: |
| has had to make...? What does it mean? |
"Has had to" is the present perfect form of "have to". The test sentence presents the news about reductions as something that happened in the recent past. In the sentence, the recently made reductions have some sort of direct relevance to or impact on the present.
| Torsten wrote: |
| This means the company had experienced such a situation before. |
| Vietanhpham_Winter wrote: |
| if so, it must then be the company has experienced...not had experienced. |
I presume your comment in this case is related to the sentence Torsten wrote. Yes, he could have written "has experienced" in order to explain the test sentence. That would have kept things in the same "recent past" perspective as the test sentence itself.
However, because Torsten's focus was on explaining the meaning of "once again", it is also reasonable to use the simple past or the past perfect in the explanation:
- This means the company had (already) experienced such a situation before they had the experience mentioned in the test sentence.
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