difference between Under and Below; Up and Over

[Sultano]

hi there!

What is the difference between "Under and Below"?

What is the difference between "Up and Over "?

Thanks

[Mister Micawber]

.
In your first pair, they are often used synonymously-- and contrariwise, they often have different idiomatic collocations. One general point is that 'under' is normally vertically beneath (The cat's under the table) while 'below' can be merely at a lower elevation (Death Valley is below sea level).

'Up' and 'over' are not synonymous. 'Up' is in a vertical direction, direction toward a source, etc and so is often an adverb, requiring no object (The balloon went up and up); 'over' requires an object and reflects the relationship between two objects (the cow jumped over the moon).
.
_________________
Canadian-American native speaker
who teaches English for a living at Mister Micawber's
ESL cafe: Interview with Mister Micawber

[Sultano]

But we can say that " below" comes alone.. as we say look at these words below.