Using "of"

[Molly]

Why can't we use "of" in the second sentence?

I'd like some more of that goat's cheese, please.
*I'd like some more of goat's cheese, please.

[Haihao]

I would say, the speaker had had some of the goat's cheese and she wanted more, more of the/that goat's cheese. I would think it's not the problem of 'of' but of 'that' or 'the' (designating adjective function)

On the other hand, if without 'of' then it becomes 'some more goat's cheese where 'more' acts as the designating adjective, which makes it as good as the former.

Anyhow, I am sure you know this much better than me, Molly, and you could have made a much better explanation then mine as well. :)

All the best,

Haihao