Topic: the degradion of pine forest

[Trung]

Today, with the development of industry, urbanization, and land encroachment conditions which are becoming more and more popular have caused loss of large amounts of forest areas. Furthermore, many regions have been deforested and burnt for firewood and agricultural development more and more, especially pine forest in Vietnam. For instance, over 20.000 hectares of pine forest at Quang Trach Distrist, Quang Binh Province, Vietnam (age 20 years) was cut down to build many houses, factories and companies and develop agricultural expansion (http://vietbao.vn). Therefore, ecological environment has been seriously regressed and reduced, land and resources have been degenerated and eroded by many human activities and other factors (climate, epidemic diseases,…). They were led to droughts, floods, natural disaster in which have frequently occurred.
For these reasons, species of pine (Pinus merkusii) not only brought the high effect of economy but also protected ecological environment and human health, served the scientific research, and improved impoverished soil. This species easily lived on poor, dry and acid solids, slow land drainage, thin topsoil with many rocks together where a lot of other plants could not grow, but these pine-trees still normally grew and developed. Consequently, they were grown many places in Vietnam such as, Tay Nguyen Province, Quang Nam Province, Da Nang Province, Thanh Hoa Province… and other places on the world.
During going to field work and practicing land resource surveys at Dong Linh Commune, Dong Son District, Thanh Hoa Province, Vietnam, I know that pine forest which has a high density of trees and a strong recycled process was grown from 1930. But now, it has been devastated by human activities. In June 10, 2010 at Dong Son District, Thanh Hoa Province, there was a big fire which reduced a lot of forest (about 165 hectares) (vovnews.vn, 2010). Moreover, the recycled process has been slower and slower, and met with many difficulties by climate and pestilent insect. In 2007, a large number of young pine trees were died when there was a sudden drop in temperature (about 6 degrees), and gray leaf diseases, because they did not adapt quickly with new surroundings. Besides, people, animals and plants have been miserable by environmental pollution from pesticide storage of Agency of plant protection, hence, the quality and quantity of high pine-trees were declined and reduced quickly. As a result, I want to make a thesis: “The research recycled characteristics of pine forest (Pinus merkusii) at Dong Linh Commune, Dong Son District, Thanh Hoa Province, Vietnam” and then providing some suitable methods in order to impulse the growth and development of pine forest.

TOEFL listening lectures: A university lecture by a professor of Comparative Religion