Integrated writing of TPO16

[Brandonlee0000]

The new guidelines mentioned by the lecturer helped to cope with three major problems discussed in the reading passage.

First, the new guidelines announced that construction sites should be examined by archeologists before construction. If anything of archeological interest is found, a plan has to be made by both the government and archeologists to preserve the archeological valuables. Either the construction site is moved to another place or the artifacts are excavated with great care. In this way the new guidelines put an end to loss of valuable artifacts in construction in the old times discussed in the reading passage.

Second, other than paid by the government, which is either inadequate or inconstant, under the new guidelines, archaeologists are now paid by the construction companies. From the very beginning of examining the construction site to the end, the construction companies are financially responsible for all the research process. This brings a far greater range of space for the archaeologists compared with what the passage says about the past when these experts have to let go of so many projects of interest due to the lack of fund.

Last but not the least, the new guidelines generate a lot more job opportunities with salaries in archeology. Now new jobs in all the stages of the process including planning , doing research and writing reports ,etc. are available. This may largely solve the problem of career pursuit of so many people willing to be archaeologists.

TOEFL listening lectures: The lecturer uses the Gandara culture as an example of what?