identifing verb and subject----

[Mother1]

what is the verb and subject of the following-----
"In sharp contrast to the intense idealism of the young republic, with its utopian
faith in democracy and hopes for eternal human progress, recent
developments suggest a mood of almost unrelieved cynicism."

[Mister Micawber]

S = developments
V = suggest
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Native English teacher at Mister Micawber's

[Mother1]

"In sharp contrast to the intense idealism of the young republic, with its utopian faith in democracy and hopes for eternal human progress, recent developments suggest a mood of almost unrelieved cynicism."

then what are the names of the underlined parts of the underlined parts of the sentence above?

[Mister Micawber]

Those are two prepositional phrases acting as an adverb and an adjective respectively.
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Native English teacher at Mister Micawber's

[James M]

IMHO:

(1) My teachers taught me to always put a sentence in regular order before you start to analyze it.

(2) In other words, the regular order is: Recent developments suggest a mood of almost unrelieved cynicism, in sharp contrast to ....

(3) Now it's easier to identify the subject and verb. (This is especially important when analyzing a question.)

[Mister Micawber]

I understand what you are saying, James, but if a student meets the suggestion that there is a 'regular order' in which the modifiers succeed the referents, they will be misled, I think — and meet a heck of a lot of confusing sentences. There is nothing irregular about the original, do you think?
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Native English teacher at Mister Micawber's

[Mother1]

another question------
1. "you have to work hard in order to get chance at IBA."
2. "you have to work hard in order to get chance at IBA."

1. which group is correct?
2. is this group is acting as preposition?
3. if not then what?

[Mister Micawber]

You have to work hard in order to get a chance to join the IBA.

1. which group is correct? -- 'In order to'
2. is this group is acting as preposition?-- Yes, it is considered a complex preposition.
_________________
Native English teacher at Mister Micawber's

[Mother1]

"You have to work hard in order to get a chance to join the IBA."

1. Here "to+get=infinitive" is not applicable. "get" is pure verb, right?

Another question----
"Running along the street, he felt his nose frozen."

1. Is the underlined part is a modifier, if then which component of the sentence it is modifying.
2. what is the part of speech of the underlined part.

[Mister Micawber]

"You have to work hard in order to get a chance to join the IBA."
1. Here "to+get=infinitive" is not applicable. "get" is pure verb, right?-- I don't know what you mean by 'pure verb'.

Another question----
"Running along the street, he felt that his nose was frozen."
1. Is the underlined part is a modifier, if then which component of the sentence it is modifying.-- It is a sentential adverb: it modifies the whole main clause.
2. what is the part of speech of the underlined part.-- It is an adverb.
_________________
Native English teacher at Mister Micawber's

[Mother1]

"You have to work hard in order to get a chance to join the IBA."
1. Here "to+get=infinitive" is not applicable. "get" is pure verb, right?-- I don't know what you mean by 'pure verb'.

I mean, is it base form of verb or not.

[James M]

[Mister Micawber]

Ha! I'm certainly not right all the time, and I am happy to have anyone post his/her own considered answer. I myself try to use common sense when analyzing meanings, and while I have seen that called adjectival, that is not the image that I get when I think about the sentence and its meaning. This is what I see"

[While he was] running along the street, he felt that his nose was frozen.
_________________
Native English teacher at Mister Micawber's

[Mister Micawber]

"You have to work hard in order to get a chance to join the IBA."
Here "to+get=infinitive" is not applicable. "get" is pure verb, right? I mean, is it base form of verb or not.- Yes, I think a base form.
_________________
Native English teacher at Mister Micawber's

[James M]

[quote="Mister Micawber" I myself try to use common sense when analyzing meanings, and while I have seen that called adjectival, that is not the image that I get when I think about the sentence and its meaning. This is what I see"

[While he was] running along the street, he felt that his nose was frozen.[/quote]

One of my favorite grammar books agrees with you that these sentences starting with -ing are not so simple to analyze. Here is its example:

Realizing the danger, the driver stopped. The book says that "realizing" is an adjective modifying "driver" but that the whole phrase ('realizing the danger") is an adverb modifying "stopped."

It's a good thing that we learners have excellent teachers such as you to help us understand English grammar!