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MCAT Word List # MCAT/M103

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Explanation of colon (noun)
form plural: colons

the part of the large bowel that connects the caecum to the rectum

Sample of colon
The colon absorbs water back into the blood.



   
Explanation of acid salt (noun)
form plural: acid salts

a compound made by partially neutralizing an acid with ionisable hydrogen atoms

Sample of acid salt
Sodium hydrogensulfate is an acid salt formed by partially neutralizing sulfuric acid.



   
Explanation of chemical synapse (noun)
form: no plural

a junction between a nerve ending and another excitable cell

Sample of chemical synapse
In a chemical synapse neurotransmitters are needed to mediate the passage of an action potential from the nerve ending to the second cell (c.f. electrical synapse).

Medical term chemical synapse
Dictionary.com · Cambridge Dictionaries · Merriam-Webster · Onelook.com


   
Explanation of fungus (noun)
form plural: fungi

eukaryote that gets its food by absorbing their food through their surfaces

Sample of fungus
Fungi absorb food whereas animals ingest it.



   
Explanation of exocrine gland (noun)
form plural: exocrine glands

a gland that secretes the substances it makes outside of the body

Sample of exocrine gland
The sudoriparous and the salivary glands are exocrine glands.



   
Explanation of abortion (noun)
form plural: abortions

expulsion of a fetus before it is able to survive independently

Sample of abortion
Abortion of unwanted fetuses is a matter of much ethical debate.



   
Explanation of long sightedness (noun)
form: no plural

the ability to see distant objects better than close objects

Sample of long sightedness
The eyeball being too short causes long-sightedness.

Medical term long sightedness
Dictionary.com · Cambridge Dictionaries · Merriam-Webster · Onelook.com


   
Explanation of sickle cell disease (noun)
form: no plural

inherited disorder where the red blood cells are abnormal shapes ('sickle')

Sample of sickle cell disease
Sickle cell disease is more common in the Afro-Caribbean population.

Medical term sickle cell disease
Dictionary.com · Cambridge Dictionaries · Merriam-Webster · Onelook.com


   
Explanation of urinary system (noun)
form plural: urinary systems

the kidney, bladder and urinary tracts

Sample of urinary system
The urinary system helps excrete waste and regulate the blood.



   
Explanation of lactation (noun)
form plural: lactations

the secretion of milk by the mammary glands

Sample of lactation
Hormones such as oxytocin and prolactin control lactation.



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