MCAT Vocabulary # MCAT/M107

n. vacuum
(a) the space filed with cell sap in the cytoplasm of plant cells
(b) a space that contains no air or gases
(c) shortsightedness
(d) the ball of stem cells that develop after a fertilized embryo divides is called a blastocyst
 
n. prilosec
(a) omeprazole that suppresses acid secretion in the stomach
(b) highly colored pigments (yellow to red) found in vegetables
(c) junction between the end of a nerve and another type of excitable cell
(d) this is the pressure of the blood against the arterial walls
 
n. xylem
(a) the tissue in plants which transports water and salts
(b) spongy, red tissue found in the reticulo-endothelial system of mammals
(c) cells occuring between the germ cells of the gonads and producing the male sexual hormones
(d) the act of secreting tears
 
n. eustachian tube
(a) tube from the back of the nose to the middle ear
(b) a group of organisms
(c) cleavage of an unsaturated molecule at the position of unsaturation by transformation to the ozonide followed by a breakdown
(d) either one of a pair of chemical components whose molecular structures have a mirror-image relationship to each other
 
n. acetylcholine
(a) the relationship between the amount of nitrogen taken in and excreted by the body
(b) the neurotransmitter used by cholinergic nerves
(c) linkage formed in general; between carbon 1 of one molecule and carbon 4 of another molecule
(d) a hole or break within a solid surface; an entrance

n. stereoisomer
(a) the nerve that carries messages from the eye to the brain
(b) protein component of muscle fibers
(c) molecule containing the same number and kind of atomic groups as another but having a different spatial arrangement, therefore having different charactersitics
(d) these are ions of the halogen elements
 
n. colony
(a) collections of bacterial cells
(b) this is a compound where the hydrogen atom of an acid has been replaced by another cation
(c) this is the number that shows how heavy an atom of that element is compared to another element
(d) a small vein
 
n. ductility
(a) transfer of an amino group from one molecule to another one
(b) characteristic of a substance to be shaped under pressure without breaking, but to be cut in thin stripes
(c) nonrandom mating in which individuals engage in mating having more traits incommon than in random mating
(d) the blood pressure during systole
 
n. emetic
(a) substance or drug that causes vomiting
(b) a cellular sheath composed of Schwann cells which envelops the axons of peripheral neurons
(c) proteins joined to carbohydrate that are found on the surface of cells
(d) the largest part of the brain containing the two cerebral hemispheres
 
n. dementia
(a) illness affecting the brain where the ability to remember things; and other mental skills; are poor
(b) molecule differing only in the spatial arrangement around a single carbon atom
(c) the lowest possible temperature where particles of matter have the smallest amount of energy possible
(d) the polypeptide chains of the protein are folded into a round shape