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MCAT Word List # MCAT/W55

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Description of nephron (noun: plural: nephrons)
filtering unit in the kidney; part of the kidney which removes waste products from the blood

Samples of nephron
The nephron filters waste products from the blood and forms urine.
Each kidney consists of one million nephrons.



   
Description of emergency (noun: plural: emergencies)
a situation where action must be taken straight away

Samples of emergency
In an emergency you should act quickly.



   
Description of reproductive system (noun: plural: reproductive systems)
system of sex organs (testis and ovary) and associated structures

Samples of reproductive system
The reproductive system allows the human race to continue.

Determination of reproductive system
Dictionary.com · Cambridge Dictionaries · Merriam-Webster · Onelook.com


   
Description of saliva (noun: only plural)
digestive juice made by the salivary gland

Samples of saliva
Saliva is needed to help breakdown food.



   
Description of eyelid (noun: plural: eyelids)
fold of skin that protects the eyeball

Samples of eyelid
The medical term for eyelids is palpebrae.



   
Description of by-product (noun: plural: by-products)
a secondary substance made in the process of creating a primary one

Samples of by-product
Oxygen is a byproduct of photosynthesis.



   
Description of primary structure (noun: plural: primary structures)
the sequence of amino acids in a protein

Samples of primary structure
The primary structure of insulin is 51 amino acids in two long chains which are joined.

Determination of primary structure
Dictionary.com · Cambridge Dictionaries · Merriam-Webster · Onelook.com


   
Description of mutation (noun: plural: mutations)
a change in a chromosome or a gene

Samples of mutation
A mutation results when the nucleus copies its chromosomes incorrectly.



   
Description of carbohydrate (noun: plural: carbohydrates)
compound made from plants containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

Samples of carbohydrate
Carbohydrates, for example, starch, are an important source of energy.

Determination of carbohydrate
Dictionary.com · Cambridge Dictionaries · Merriam-Webster · Onelook.com


   
Description of insomnia (noun: no plural)
inability to sleep

Samples of insomnia
Stress may lead to insomnia.



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