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Meaning of lecithin, leukemia, gastric, hydrophobic, cyto-, paralyze, progestogen, carrier-mediated active transport, cytochrome, deamination

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Meaning of lecithin (noun)
form: no plural

phosphatidylcholine; phospholipid formed from phosphatidic acid and choline

Example
Lecithin is a structural component found in cell membranes.

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Meaning of leukemia (noun)
forms plural: leukemias, singular: leukaemia or leucaemia

type of blood cancer which is characterized by rapid growth of white blood cells

Example
There are many types of leukemias that typically affect different age groups of the population.

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Meaning of gastric (adjective)
relating to the stomach

Example
He had gastric pain and was found to have a gastric ulcer.
Most patients clinically suspected of dumping or diarrhoea after having a vagotomy or gastrectomy did indeed exhibit abnormally rapid gastric emptying.

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Meaning of hydrophobic (adjective)
forms: more hydrophobic; most hydrophobic; less hydrophobic; least hydrophobic

water-hating; unable of dissolving in water

Example
Hydrophobic interactions occur between non-polar molecules e.g. water and oil.
Hydrophobic parts of a cell membrane consisting of a bilayer with proteins are arranged at the inferior surface of the membrane.
For example, we have synthesised film physisorbable phosphorylcholine containing polymers for coating hydrophobic surfaces such as PVC, polyethylene, polypropylene, etc.

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Meaning of cyto- (preffix)
cell

Example
The cytoplasm is all the cell contents apart from the nucleus.

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Meaning of paralyze (verb)
forms: paralyzed; paralyzed; paralyzing

to stop something being able to move

Example
At the age of 40 he was paralyzed from the waist down.

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Meaning of progestogen (noun)
form plural: progestogens

any steroid hormone with an action similar to female sex hormone

Example
Artificial progestogens are used in the contraceptive pill.

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Meaning of carrier-mediated active transport (noun)
process in which substances are moved across a cell membrane from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration

Example
Carrier-mediated active transport requires energy such as ATP.

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Meaning of cytochrome (noun)
form plural: cytochromes

protein that contains iron and acts as an electron and hydrogen acceptor for cellular energy processes

Example
FAD and NAD are cytochromes.
Hubel and his colleagues had studied the visual cortex of the rhesus monkey for many years without observing these cells and it was only when the cytochrome oxidase blobs had been demonstrated consistently and they started to look for receptive-field properties within them that they obtained these surprising results.

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Meaning of deamination (noun)
form: no plural

removal of an amino group (NH2) from an organic molecule

Example
In the liver amino acids are transformed during the process called deamination.

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Preparation book: Lecithin: A Medical Dictionary, Bibliography

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