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PCAT Word List # PCAT/M55

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  Word Explanations monitor, hormone, renal, metatarsal, transport vesicle, autotroph, cofactor, fatty acid, occur, halide


   
Explanation of monitor (verb)
forms: monitored; monitored; monitoring

to watch or record information

Sample of monitor
The baby's heart rate was monitored because it was in distress.



   
Explanation of hormone (noun)
form plural: hormones

chemical secreted in small amounts from endocrine glands that passes in the bloodstream to another tissue or organ where it alters the function or structure of that organ

Sample of hormone
Hormones coordinate the growth and activities of living things.
It is equally apparent today when many people go to considerable lengths to maintain the appearance of youthfulness by the use of vitamins, beauty preparations of all descriptions, hormone treatment, plastic surgery and much else besides.



   
Explanation of renal (adjective)
relating to the kidney

Sample of renal
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatories can cause renal failure.
High dose oral mesalazine does not seem to be nephrotoxic in rats when given for four weeks but both rats and dogs develop renal papillary necrosis when fed high dose mesalazine for 6 to 12 months.



   
Explanation of metatarsal (noun)
form plural: metatarsals

small bones of the feet

Sample of metatarsal
The metatarsals lie between the tarsals and the phalanges.



   
Explanation of transport vesicle (noun)
form plural: transport vesicles

sac that takes proteins made in the endoplasmic reticulum to other organelles

Sample of transport vesicle
Transport vesicles bud off the endoplasmic reticulum.



   
Explanation of autotroph (noun)
form plural: autotrophs

organism that makes their own food from simple food sources

Sample of autotroph
Algae, plants and certain bacteria are autotrophs.



   
Explanation of cofactor (noun)
form plural: cofactors

a non-protein substance, often a metal ion; that is needed for normal enzyme action

Sample of cofactor
Some enzymes have two parts - an apoenzyme and a cofactor.



   
Explanation of fatty acid (noun)
form plural: fatty acids

a long chain of carbon atoms with a carboxyl group (COOH) at the end

Sample of fatty acid
Fats are made up of glycerol and fatty acids.



   
Explanation of occur (verb)
forms: occurred; occurred; occurring

to happen; to take place

Sample of occur
Labour would not tolerate the regional imbalances that disfigured the economy, and the waste of resources which had occurred under the Tories.



   
Explanation of halide (noun)
form plural: halides

halogen with a more electropositive element

Sample of halide
Acyl halides are substances with carbonyl groups bonded to halides.
In a conventional film emulsion the silver halide grains look like cubes, octahedra or irregular pebbles.



  Explain the words monitor, hormone, renal, metatarsal, transport vesicle, autotroph, cofactor, fatty acid, occur, halide

  Preparation book: The Monitoring and Evaluation of Oral Health

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     PCAT verbal test: Vocabulary Test: Verb Noun Adjective Lists         PCAT practice test: Interactive word games: Free Online Verb Noun Adjective Game         PCAT Sample Test: (printable version)         Meaning of monitor, hormone, renal, metatarsal, transport vesicle, autotroph, cofactor, fatty acid