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PCAT Word List # PCAT/M65

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  Word Explanations immune system, cimetidine, insomniac, biological clock, mitosis, competitive inhibition, acyl chloride, epigastrium, position, bromide


   
Explanation of immune system (noun)
form plural: immune systems

the organs and cells that provide defense against tissue invasion or damage

Sample of immune system
The immune system includes the skin, membranes and immune cells e.g. the white blood cells.



   
Explanation of cimetidine (noun)
generic name for drugs that used to treat peptic ulcers by decreasing the secretion of stomach acid; brand name: Tagamet

Sample of cimetidine
Cimetidine was the first H2 blocker to reach the clinic, which was a triumph for synthetic organic chemistry.



   
Explanation of insomniac (noun)
form plural: insomniacs

person who is unable to sleep

Sample of insomniac
Insomniacs may ask for tranquilizers to help them sleep.



   
Explanation of biological clock (noun)
form: no plural

system that controls daily cycles such as blood pressure, sleep rhythms and hormone release

Sample of biological clock
The pineal gland helps control the biological clock.



   
Explanation of mitosis (noun)
form: no plural

cellular division producing somatic cells with a full quota of chromosomes after each division

Sample of mitosis
Identical daughter cells are formed after a cell divides by mitosis.



   
Explanation of competitive inhibition (noun)
form plural: competitive inhibitions

interference of enzyme action by an abnormal substrate that blocks the normal substrate entering the active site

Sample of competitive inhibition
Competitive inhibition is a form of reversible enzyme inhibition.
The scale of the amine abnormality is proportional to the degree of hyperphenylalaninaemia and probably depends on the combined effects of competitive inhibition of tyrosine and tryptophan hydroxylases (by phenylalanine) and a deficiency of the amino acid substrates for these enzymes.



   
Explanation of acyl chloride (noun)
form plural: acyl chlorides

this is made when the hydroxyl group of a carboxylic acid is replaced by a chlorine atom

Sample of acyl chloride
Acyl chlorides are highly reactive.



   
Explanation of epigastrium (noun)
form: no plural

upper abdomen between the ribcage and navel

Sample of epigastrium
The esophagus lies in the epigastrium.



   
Explanation of position (noun)
form plural: positions

stance

Sample of position
These results lend strong support to a catalytic mechanism in which an enzyme sulfhydryl group undergoes Michael addition to the C-5-C-6 double bond, thus activating position C-5 of the substrate DNA cytosine residue for electrophilic attack by the methyl donor SAM.



   
Explanation of bromide (noun)
form plural: bromides

a compound made of bromine joined to another element

Sample of bromide
Potassium bromide is an example of a bromide.
Australian scientists have suggested that carbonyl sulphide should be used as a benign alternative to methyl bromide, a pesticide employed for fumigating soil, timbers, and grains and fruit after harvest.



  Explain the words immune system, cimetidine, insomniac, biological clock, mitosis, competitive inhibition, acyl chloride, epigastrium, position, bromide

  Preparation book: Defend Yourself: The Immune System (Body Talk)

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     PCAT verbal test: Vocabulary Exercises: English Nouns         PCAT practice test: Interactive word games: Free Online Noun Quiz         PCAT Words: (printable version)         Meaning of immune system, cimetidine, insomniac, biological clock, mitosis, competitive inhibition, acyl chloride