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TOEFL Word List # TOEFL/M7

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Explanation of dissension (noun)
conflict; disagreement; disparity

Sample of dissension
The China Inland Mission's early years inland were hazardous with riots, some internal dissension, and opposition from established missionaries who especially objected to the use of Chinese dress.



   
Explanation of archetype (noun)
original pattern or model

Sample of archetype
This man was the archetype for scores of fictional characters.
The scientist was careful with the archetype of her invention so that once manufacturing began, it would be easy to reproduce it.



   
Explanation of erratum (noun)
misprint; typo; printing error

Sample of erratum
An erratum or corrigendum (plurals: errata, corrigenda) is a correction of a manual, handbook or other nonfictional text that contained mistakes.



   
Explanation of proletariat (noun)
working class; social class comprised of manual laborers

Sample of proletariat
The transformation of the peasantry into a rural proletariat weakened hamula (patrilineal extended family) ties, and strengthened class ones.



   
Explanation of denunciation (noun)
denouncement; condemnation

Sample of denunciation
The internal politics of Surrealism were complicated by rivalries and ideological disputes; in the case of Andre Breton's association with Dali, his earlier support gave way to a denunciation of the artist, who was expelled from the group.



   
Explanation of obviate (verb)
to make unnecessary; to prevent; to remove an obstacle in advance

Sample of obviate
The invention of cars has obviated the use of horse and carriage.
A cure for the common cold would obviate the need for shelf after shelf of cold remedies.



   
Explanation of avarice (noun)
inordinate desire for gaining and possessing wealth; greed

Sample of avarice
The man's avarice for money kept him at work through the evenings and weekends.
The avarice of the president led to his downfall.



   
Explanation of deluge (noun)
great flood; downpour; inundation; drenching rain

Sample of deluge
He went on to prove that earthquakes were the result of electrical disturbances of the air of which the movement of the Earth was a secondary effect, that sponges were not living creatures and that the deluge took place in the Autumn.



   
Explanation of peccadillo (noun)
slight fault or offense; minor sin

Sample of peccadillo
The child was embarrassed when he was caught committing the peccadillo of eating chocolate before dinner.



   
Explanation of panacea (noun)
remedy for all ills

Sample of panacea
Celibacy is, at best, the lesser evil; by no means is it regarded as a panacea.



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