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TOEFL Word List # TOEFL/M27

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Explanation of bane (noun)
destruction; poison; misfortune

Sample of bane
The till was now 20 deep with impatient customers clutching their coffee pots and blenders - and then I discovered the real bane of the shop assistant's life: The Haggler.



   
Explanation of bombast (noun)
pompous speech; pretentious words; trite cliches

Sample of bombast
After he delivered his bombast at the podium, he arrogantly left the meeting.
The presenter ended his bombast with a prediction of his future success.



   
Explanation of divisibility (noun)
ability to be separated or divided

Sample of divisibility
As can be seen, these are all fairly small, and in practice the lack of asset divisibility is not a major problem, although it does mean that a completely riskless arbitrage transaction may be impossible.



   
Explanation of chauvinist (noun)
extreme patriot; person who is excessively devoted

Sample of chauvinist
Jews complain that the Times betrays Israel, feminists that it is chauvinist, southerners that it is pro-Yankee, priests that it is anti-Catholic.



   
Explanation of cantankerous (adjective)
ill-natured; quarrelsome; contentious; irritable

Sample of cantankerous
It is hard not to sympathize with his desire to knock off managing director Duncan, a hammy, cantankerous old fool in Kevin Stoney's playing.



   
Explanation of dictum (noun)
formal statement of either fact or opinion; maxim; pronouncement; saying

Sample of dictum
Computer programmers have a dictum: garbage in, garbage out.



   
Explanation of heresy (noun)
opinion contrary to popular belief

Sample of heresy
In this town it is considered heresy to want parking with meters.



   
Explanation of temerity (noun)
foolhardiness; impetuosity; rashness; boldness

Sample of temerity
For the first few days we kept the family shut into the cow-shed, to protect them from the cats; but I really think that if any cat had had the temerity to put in an attack, the hen would have chased it half-way to Gloucester.
Many, it is true, shouted enthusiastically that we were right and to be congratulated, but many others were up in arms at our intrepid temerity.



   
Explanation of fathom (noun)
nautical unit of depth; unit of length equal to six feet

Sample of fathom
The submarine cruised at 17 fathoms below the surface.



   
Explanation of facade (noun)
front or face, especially of a building; illusion; deceptive appearance

Sample of facade
This even applies to listed buildings: there is still a worryingly widespread general belief that listing only covers the facade, or perhaps just the exterior, whereas it is of course expressly designed to protect the whole building.



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