Another factor for change has been international equity investors

[Bhikkhu1991a]

Business English Lesson, Advanced Level

ESL/EFL Test #163 "Evolution of the Stock Exchange", question 9

Another factor for change has been international equity investors, who have shown a ferocious appetite for both domestic and foreign equity investment, even ......... the dot com bubble.

(a) aboveboard
(b) nevertheless
(c) notwithstanding
(d) thereabouts

Business English Lesson, Advanced Level

ESL/EFL Test #163 "Evolution of the Stock Exchange", answer 9

Another factor for change has been international equity investors, who have shown a ferocious appetite for both domestic and foreign equity investment, even notwithstanding the dot com bubble.

Correct answer: (c) notwithstanding
_________________________

Hello,

This test sentence of Question 9 is a sentence fragment. Therefore, it is hard for me to figure out the meaning of the sentence. Could you please rectify the mistake?

Thank you.

Best wishes,
Bhikkhu1991a.

[Mister Micawber]

It is not a fragment, Bhikkhu:

Another factor for change (S) has been (V) international equity investors (C), who... (subordinate clause modifying 'investors'.)
_________________
Native English teacher at Mister Micawber's

[Bhikkhu1991a]

Hello Mister Micawber,

Thanks for correcting the mistake I have made. Next time, I will be more careful about verb formations such as "has been" and noun complements.

Thanks again.

Best wishes,
Bhikkhu1991a.